{"id":694,"date":"2003-05-06T03:20:58","date_gmt":"2003-05-06T03:20:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/?p=694"},"modified":"2011-05-01T18:34:50","modified_gmt":"2011-05-01T23:34:50","slug":"pain-goes-another-step-down-the-food-chain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/?p=694","title":{"rendered":"pain goes another step down the food chain"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It&#8217;s long been thought that fish don&#8217;t feel pain,  but in a study released last week by the Royal Society, Britain&#8217;s  national academy of science, researchers say they have conclusive proof  that they do. Scientists from the University of Edinburgh and the Roslin  Institute injected either bee venom or acetic acid into the lips of  rainbow trout. The fish showed &#8220;rocking&#8221; motions, similar to the kind of  motion seen in higher animals in pain. The trout injected with acetic  acid rubbed their lips on the gravel of their tank and on the tank  walls. According to Lynne Sneddon, the leader of the team, &#8220;These do not  appear to be reflex responses.&#8221; The injected fish also took three times  longer to resume feeding compared to the fish in the control group. The  team also found that the trout had nociceptors  &#8212; receptors that  responded to tissue-damaging stimuli &#8212; in their heads. It&#8217;s the first  time that these receptors &#8212; similar to those found in amphibians, birds,  and mammals &#8212; have been found in fish. &#8220;Our research demonstrates  nociception and suggests that noxious stimulation in the rainbow trout  has adverse behavioral and physiological effects,&#8221; Sneddon said. &#8220;This  fulfills the criteria for animal pain.&#8221; <\/span><\/p>\n<h6><em>This news brief appeared in the Random Data column of the <\/em>Boston Globe&#8217;s<em> Health\/Science section on 5\/06\/2003.<\/em><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It&#8217;s long been thought that fish don&#8217;t feel pain, but in a study released last week by the Royal Society, Britain&#8217;s national academy of science, researchers say they have conclusive proof that they do. Scientists from the University of Edinburgh &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/?p=694\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-boston-globe-3","category-news-briefs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=694"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1198,"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions\/1198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agnieszkabiskup.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}